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 Applying Patches in Other Directories
 =====================================
 
    The `-d DIRECTORY' or `--directory=DIRECTORY' option to `patch'
 makes directory DIRECTORY the current directory for interpreting both
 file names in the patch file, and file names given as arguments to
 other options (such as `-B' and `-o').  For example, while in a mail
 reading program, you can patch a file in the `/usr/src/emacs' directory
 directly from a message containing the patch like this:
 
      | patch -d /usr/src/emacs
 
    Sometimes the file names given in a patch contain leading
 directories, but you keep your files in a directory different from the
 one given in the patch.  In those cases, you can use the `-pNUMBER' or
 `--strip=NUMBER' option to set the file name strip count to NUMBER.
 The strip count tells `patch' how many slashes, along with the directory
 names between them, to strip from the front of file names.  A sequence
 of one or more adjacent slashes is counted as a single slash.  By
 default, `patch' strips off all leading directories, leaving just the
 base file names.
 
    For example, suppose the file name in the patch file is
 `/gnu/src/emacs/etc/NEWS'.  Using `-p0' gives the entire file name
 unmodified, `-p1' gives `gnu/src/emacs/etc/NEWS' (no leading slash),
 `-p4' gives `etc/NEWS', and not specifying `-p' at all gives `NEWS'.
 
    `patch' looks for each file (after any slashes have been stripped)
 in the current directory, or if you used the `-d DIRECTORY' option, in
 that directory.
 
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