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Applying Patches in Other Directories
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The `-d DIRECTORY' or `--directory=DIRECTORY' option to `patch'
makes directory DIRECTORY the current directory for interpreting both
file names in the patch file, and file names given as arguments to
other options (such as `-B' and `-o'). For example, while in a mail
reading program, you can patch a file in the `/usr/src/emacs' directory
directly from a message containing the patch like this:
| patch -d /usr/src/emacs
Sometimes the file names given in a patch contain leading
directories, but you keep your files in a directory different from the
one given in the patch. In those cases, you can use the `-pNUMBER' or
`--strip=NUMBER' option to set the file name strip count to NUMBER.
The strip count tells `patch' how many slashes, along with the directory
names between them, to strip from the front of file names. A sequence
of one or more adjacent slashes is counted as a single slash. By
default, `patch' strips off all leading directories, leaving just the
base file names.
For example, suppose the file name in the patch file is
`/gnu/src/emacs/etc/NEWS'. Using `-p0' gives the entire file name
unmodified, `-p1' gives `gnu/src/emacs/etc/NEWS' (no leading slash),
`-p4' gives `etc/NEWS', and not specifying `-p' at all gives `NEWS'.
`patch' looks for each file (after any slashes have been stripped)
in the current directory, or if you used the `-d DIRECTORY' option, in
that directory.
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