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gpg.ru(1)





NAME

       gpg --


SYNOPSIS

       gpg [--homedir name] [--options file] [options] command [args]

       gpg    GnuPG.

            GnuPG.  GnuPG    GNU General Public License, Free Software Founda-
       tion;   2,  (  )   .

               .       GNU Privacy Handbook (GPH)  , http://www.gnupg.org.

        ,       ,         .      ,  "--".

       gpg      , (  ,  ,   ,    ).

       gpg   :

       -s, --sign
                  .  --encrypt (     ), --symmetric (  )    --encrypt   --sym-
                 metric  (  ,      ).

       --clearsign
                   .

       -b, --detach-sign
                   .

       -e, --encrypt
                   .      --sign  (      ), --symmetric (   ,   ,     ) --sign
                 --symmetric  ( ,        ,     ).

       -c, --symmetric
                       ().      CAST5.     --cipher-algo.    --sign  (      ),
                 --encrypt  (   ,      , )   --sign  --encrypt  (  ,  ,     ).

       --store        RFC1991.

       --decrypt [file]
                  file (  ,    )      ( --output).    , .        ,  .

       --verify [[sigfile]  [signed-files]]
                 ,  sigfile     ,    .   ,     .      ,       ,  .      ".sig"
                 ".asc".  ,      ,   .   ,  -  .   , ,     .

       --multifile
                      ,    .            .        .   --multifile     --verify,
                 --encrypt,  --decrypt.  ,  "--multifile --verify"     .

       --verify-files [files]
                  --multifile --verify.

       --encrypt-files [files]
                  --multifile --encrypt.

       --decrypt-files [files]
                  --multifile --decrypt.

       --list-keys [names]

       --list-public-keys [names]
                       ,  .

                  , ..        GnuPG.  --with-colons.

       -K, --list-secret-keys [names]
                       ,  .  '#'   sec ,    (., --export-secret-subkeys).

       --list-sigs [names]
                  ,    --list-keys,      .

                           "sig"   .   .  1-3      (.  --ask-cert-level),  "L"
                 (.   --lsign-key),  "R"    (.  nrsign --edit-key), "P"    URL
                 (.  --cert-policy-url),  "N"      (.   --cert-notation),  "X"
                 .   (.   --ask-cert-expire),   1-9   "T"   10   ,    (. tsign
                 --edit-key).

       --check-sigs [names]
                  ,   --list-sigs,   .

       --fingerprint [names]
                       .     ,     --list-keys,       ,    .       --list-sigs
                 --check-sigs.   ,       .

       --list-packets
                   . ,  ,  .

       --gen-key    .  ,  ,  .

                   ,  .    doc/DETAILS   .

       --edit-key name
                  , :

                 sign         name.      ( -u),      ,     .    ,   -u.

                 lsign      ,    "sign",     .  ,       .

                 nrsign     ,   "sign",     .     .

                 nrlsign     nrsign  lsign,  .

                 tsign       .  (   )    (  "trust").  ,   ,      .

                 ,  "l" (  / ), "nr" ( )  "t" ( )   "sign"      .

                 revsig     . GnuPG    ,        .

                 trust         .  ,   .

                 disable

                 enable        (disable)    (enable).  .

                 adduid       .

                 addphoto      .        JPEG,   . ,      . , ,        (GnuPG),
                           (PGP).

                 deluid      .

                 delsig     .

                 revuid      .

                 addkey        .

                 addcardkey
                                    .

                 keytocard     (  ,   )  .          ,    save.     .      .  ,
                           -      ,   ,    .

                 delkey     .

                 addrevoker [sensitive]
                               .     :  "sensitive".        sensitive,      (.
                           export-options).

                 revkey     .

                 expire       .    ,    .      ,    .

                 passwd     ,    .

                 primary      ,  .     , .    , .

                 uid n     /     n.   0    .

                 key n     /     n.   0    .

                 check       (,     ) .

                 showphoto     .

                 pref            .     ,   -  .

                 showpref    ,  pref.  ,   3DES ( ), SHA-1  (-)   Uncompressed
                           (), .

                 setpref string
                            string. string     ,   "pref".      ,   "none"   .
                           "gpg --version".        ,    (,  updpref) ,   .

                 updpref          (   )      .    . ,    ( ), GnuPG , , , .

                 keyserver  .  ,      (.  --keyserver-option  honor-keyserver-
                           url). ,  PGP   URL  PGP/MIME   .        "none".

                 toggle         .

                 save             .

                 quit              .

                  .  .       :    ,   ,    .  :

                 -            /   .

                 e             ;  - .

                 q             .

                 n            .

                 m           /.

                 f          /.

                 u          /.

       --sign-key name
                      .  , "sign"  --edit-key.

       --lsign-key name
                       .   , "lsign"  --edit-key.

       --delete-key name
                      .   --yes,     .    .

       --delete-secret-key name
                        .      .

       --delete-secret-and-public-key name
                  ,   --delete-key,     ,     .  .

       --gen-revoke name
                      .      --edit-key.

       --desig-revoke name
                      .   (   )  - .

       --export [names]
                          (  --keyring),  ,       ,     .            "output".
                 ,  --armor.

       --send-keys [names]
                  ,   --export      .  --keyserver.         -    ,      .

       --export-secret-keys [names]

       --export-secret-subkeys [names]
                  ,   --export,    .        .      ,    ,  ;    GNU    OpenPGP
                 .

                     --simple-sk-checksum,       OpenPGP.

       --import [files]

       --fast-import [files]
                 / .   . --fast-import,   --import.

                   ,   .     -  --keyserver-option --merge-only, ,        .

       --recv-keys key IDs
                        .         --keyserver.

       --refresh-keys key IDs
                       ,  .     ,    ..      .  --keyserver,       , (. --key-
                 server-option honor-keyserver-url).

       --search-keys [names]
                       .  ,  ,      .         --keyserver.

       --update-trustdb
                      .          (Web of Trust).     , ..      .    ()   .   ,
                 .    --edit-key     .

       --check-trustdb
                   .       ,    . GnuPG     , --no-auto-check-trustdb.   ,   .
                 ,   --update-trustdb,       .

                     cron,  --batch, .    --yes.

       --export-ownertrust
                      .     , ..   ,         .

       --import-ownertrust [files]
                  files (    ,    );   .

       --rebuild-keydb-caches
                     1.0.6  1.0.7        .       .

       --print-md algo [files]

       --print-mds [files]
                   - ALGO  .   ( "*"   algo )     -.

       --gen-random 0|1|2          [count]
                  COUNT      .  COUNT     ,   . !    ;  !

       --gen-prime mode           bits            [qbits]
                   .  .   .

       --version  .

       --warranty
                    .

       -h, --help
                      .  ,       .    ,    .

               (  "~/.gnupg/gpg.conf").   - , "armor"      ,   ""  .      ,  .
       "#" (   ) .        ,  ,  ,   .

       gpg   :

       -a, --armor
                    ASCII .

       -o, --output file
                     file.

       --max-output n
                       ,     .  OpenPGP   ,  ,       OpenPGP.  GnuPG     ,   .
                 0, .

       --mangle-dos-filenames

       --no-mangle-dos-filenames
                   Windows  .  --mangle-dos-filenames   GnuPG   ,      ,     .
                 Windows.

       -u, --local-user name
                     name. ,    --default-key.

       --default-key name
                  name       .      ,       .  ,  -u  --local-user .

       -r, --recipient name

                      name.   --hidden-recipient   ,      --default-recipient,
                 GnuPG   .

       -R, --hidden-recipient name

                    name,    .    .  --recipient   ,      --default-recipient,
                 GnuPG   .

       --default-recipient name
                  name    ,  --recipient name  .  name    .

       --default-recipient-self
                      , --recipient,  .    -   ,    --default-key.

       --no-default-recipient
                    --default-recipient  --default-recipient-self.

       --encrypt-to name
                  ,   --recipient, .       ,       --recipient,      .  ,  .

       --hidden-encrypt-to name
                    ,     --hidden-recipient,     "encrypt-to-self".         ,
                 --recipient,      .  ,  .

       --no-encrypt-to
                      --encrypt-to  --hidden-encrypt-to.

       -v, --verbose
                    .   ,     .

       -q, --quiet
                       .

       -z n

       --compress-level n

       --bzip2-compress-level n
                 --compress-level      n    ZIP    ZLIB.        zlib   (   6).
                 --bzip2-compress-level    BZIP2 ( 6  ).   BZIP2   ,  . -z   .
                 0 .

       --bzip2-decompress-lowmem
                  BZIP2.         ,      .        --bzip2-compress-level.

       -t, --textmode

       --no-textmode
                 ,   OpenPGP    "CRLF".     ,  ,      ,  .   (UNIX - Mac,  Mac
                 - Windows  ..). --no-textmode  .   .

                  -t (  --textmode)    --armor  --sign,    .      PGP;  --sign
                 --clearsign    .

       -n, --dry-run
                     (  ).

       -i, --interactive
                     .

       --batch

       --no-batch
                   .     ,   .  --no-batch   .

       --no-tty    TTY ()   .    , .. GnuPG     TTY   --batch.

       --yes          .

       --no           .

       --ask-cert-level

       --no-ask-cert-level
                   ,   .   ,  --default-cert-level.  .    --default-cert-level
                 .  --no-ask-cert-level    .     .

       --min-cert-level
                    .    2,       1.

       --default-cert-level n
                         .

                 0 ,   ,   .

                 1 ,      ,   .      ,    .

                 2 ,      . ,    .

                 3  ,      . ,         ,    ,       ,   , , ,  ( ),       ,  .

                 ,       2  3 .   , ,      .

                     0 (  ).

       --trusted-key long key ID
                 ,    (     8   ) , .    (   )   , .

       --trust-model pgp|classic|always
                   ,    GnuPG.    :

                 pgp             ,   PGP 5.x    .   .

                 classic         PGP 2.x  .

                 direct        .

                 always         ,   .      ,    - .   ,  ,  "[uncertain]"    ,
                           ,      .

       --always-trust
                  `--trust-model always'.  .

       --keyid-format short|0xshort|long|0xlong
                       .   "short"  --   8-  .  "long" --   (  ) 16-  .   "0x"
                 "0x"   , , 0x99242560.

       --keyserver name
                     name.     ,    --recv-keys,  --send-keys   --search-keys.
                 name   URI:  `scheme:[//]keyservername[:port]'   --   : "hkp"
                 HTTP ( ) , "ldap"  NAI LDAP  ,   "mailto"   Graf  email  key-
                 server.  ,    GnuPG  .      .

                       , ..         .  "hkp://subkeys.pgp.net" .

       --keyserver-options parameters
                    .     `no-'    .    .   :

                 include-revoked
                                --search-keys,     ,      . ,       ,    . , ,
                           ,         ,      .   .

                 include-disabled
                               --search-keys,    ,      . ,    HKP .

                 honor-keyserver-url
                              --refresh-keys,    ,  .   .

                 include-subkeys
                             ,     . ,       HKP, ..      .

                 use-temp-files
                             Unix-  GnuPG      ,  .    GnuPG    .     (  Win32
                           RISC OS)    .

                 keep-temp-files
                           ,     `use-temp-files'        .         .

                 verbose     .   .

                 timeout       . ,   . , --recv-keys, .   30 .

                 http-proxy [=value]
                                HTTP (  HKP),     -.  ,   - "http_proxy".

                 auto-key-retrieve
                               , .

                           , .      ;   ,    ( ),     IP   , .

       --import-options parameters
                     ,  , ,    .   `no-'    .  :

                 import-local-sigs
                               ,   .    , .   .

                 repair-hkp-subkey-bug
                             PKS  (   0.9.6),      .   ,         ,  ..     , .
                           --import --recv-keys.

                 merge-only
                                  ,    .   .

       --export-options parameters
                     ,  , ,    .   `no-'    .  :

                 export-local-sigs
                               ,   .    , .   .

                 export-attributes
                               ( ).    ,   OpenPGP,    .   .

                 export-sensitive-revkeys
                               ,   "sensitive".   .

                 export-minimal
                               .     ,    .   .

       --list-options parameters
                       ,       ( ,  --list-keys,  --list-sigs,  --list-public-
                 keys, --list-secret-keys --edit-key).     `no-'   .   :

                 show-photos
                              --list-keys,   --list-sigs,   --list-public-keys
                           --list-secret-keys   photo ID   .    . .   --photo-
                           viewer.

                 show-policy-url
                            URL     --list-sigs  --check-sigs.    .

                 show-notations

                 show-std-notations

                 show-user-notations
                                   --list-sigs   --check-sigs.  , ,  IETF,   .
                           .

                 show-keyserver-urls
                            URL --list-sigs  --check-sigs.   .

                 show-uid-validity
                               .   .

                 show-unusable-uids
                                .    .

                 show-unusable-subkeys
                                  .    .

                 show-keyring
                                   ,    .   .

                 show-sig-expire
                            --list-sigs  --check-sigs.   .

                 show-sig-subpackets
                                 .       , ,   .   ,  .    .     --with-colons
                           --list-sigs  --check-sigs.

       --verify-options parameters
                       ,   .     `no-'     .   :

                 show-photos
                             photo ID   ,   .    . .  --photo-viewer.

                 show-policy-url
                            URL    .   .

                 show-notations

                 show-std-notations

                 show-user-notations
                               .  , ,  IETF,   .       IETF.

                 show-keyserver-url
                            URL      .    .

                 show-uid-validity
                               .   .

                 show-unusable-uids
                             .   .

       --show-photos

       --no-show-photos
                   ,     --list-keys, --list-sigs, --list-public-keys, --list-
                 secret-keys     ,   .  .  --photo-viewer.     .      `--list-
                 options  [no-]show-photos' / `--verify-options [no-]show-pho-
                 tos'.  --no-show-photos   .

       --photo-viewer string
                   ,  . "%i"    ,  . "%I"    ,     . "%k" , "%K" --    ,  "%f"
                 --    ,   "%t"   --       (.,  "jpg"),  "%T"  --  MIME    (.,
                 "image/jpeg"),  "%%" --  .      "%i",  "%I",    .

                   : "xloadimage -fork -quiet -title  'KeyID  0x%k'  stdin"  ,
                 , GnuPG    .

       --exec-path string
                   ,      .    , ,  $PATH.

       --show-keyring
                         ,     .    .      `--list-options [no-]show-keyring'

       --keyring file
                    file       .   file        ,   .         ,  ,        GnuPG
                 ("~/.gnupg"     --homedir   $GNUPGHOME).

                 ,       .      ,   --no-default-keyring.

       --secret-keyring file
                  ,   --keyring     .

       --primary-keyring file
                   file    .  ,     ( --import  --recv-keys)    .

       --trustdb-name file
                  file       .    file       ,     $HOME.   ,   ,        GnuPG
                 ("~/.gnupg",    --homedir  $GNUPGHOME).

       --homedir directory
                      directory     , "~/.gnupg".    .      $GNUPGHOME.

       --display-charset name
                    .   ,    , UTF-8.    ,  .   3 -v   .    name:

                 iso-8859-1
                             Latin 1.

                 iso-8859-2
                             Latin 2.

                 iso-8859-15
                              Latin 1.

                 koi8-r      (rfc1489).

                 utf-8      ,  OS   UTF-8.

       --utf8-strings

       --no-utf8-strings
                 ,         UTF8.   (--no-utf8-strings),     --display-charset.
                 .       .

       --options file
                     file .  .

       --no-options
                   "--options /dev/null".    . , , "~./gnupg".

       --load-extension name
                   .  name     ,         (  "/usr/local/lib/gnupg").  ,   ,  ,
                 .

       --debug flags
                   .  OR  flags      C (., 0x0042).

       --debug-all
                     .

       --debug-ccid-driver
                     CCID   .  ,        .

       --enable-progress-filter
                       .         gpg  .  .

       --status-fd n
                        n.  .  DETAILS  .

       --logger-fd n
                       n,     .

       --attribute-fd n
                        n.       --status-fd, ..        .

       --sk-comments

       --no-sk-comments
                    .    GnuPG   OpenPGP.  . ,       ASCII .  --no-sk-comments
                 .

       --comment string

       --no-comments
                   string       ,  ASCII      (.  --armor).       .  --comment
                 . --no-comments   .

       --emit-version

       --no-emit-version
                         ASCII .  --no-emit-version  .

       --sig-notation name=value

       --cert-notation name=value

       -N, --set-notation name=value
                     -    ,   .   name        ,     '@'.     IETF  .  --expert
                 '@'.  value  ;       UTF8,      --display-charset.       name
                 (!),      (rfc2440:5.2.3.15).   --sig-notation      , --cert-
                 notation    (), --set-notation   .

                   ,     .  "%k"     , "%K" -    , "%f" -    ,  "%s"  -      ,
                 "%S" -      , "%g" -   ()   , "%p" -       , "%c" -   OpenPGP
                 , "%%"     "%".  %k, %K,  %f       (),  %c    OpenPGP .

       --show-notation

       --no-show-notation
                        --list-sigs --check-sigs   ,  .     .  `--list-options
                 [no-]show-notation'  / `--verify-options [no-]show-notation'.

       --sig-policy-url string

       --cert-policy-url string

       --set-policy-url string
                  string    URL  (rfc2440:5.2.3.19).        (!),     URL     .
                 --sig-policy-url  URL   , --cert-policy-url URL    (),  -set-
                 policy-url   .

                      '%',    .

       --show-policy-url

       --no-show-policy-url
                  URL     --list-sigs --check-sigs   ,  URL .     .   `--list-
                 options  [no-]show-policy-url' / `--verify-options [no-]show-
                 policy-url'.

       --sig-keyserver-url string
                  string   URL   .      ,    URL      .

                      '%',    .

       --set-filename string
                  string   ,   .        .

       --for-your-eyes-only

       --no-for-your-eyes-only
                     `for your eyes only'.  ,  GnuPG --output,   PGP   "secure
                 viewer"   .      --set-filename.  --no-for-your-eyes-only   .

       --use-embedded-filename

       --no-use-embedded-filename
                        .  , ..   .  .

       --completes-needed n
                    , ,      (  1).

       --marginals-needed n
                    , ,      (  3).

       --max-cert-depth n
                     (  5).

       --cipher-algo name
                     name.   --version     .      ,      .

       --digest-algo name
                  - name.   --version    -.

       --compress-algo name
                    name.   "zlib"    ZLIB    RFC1950.  "zip"    ZIP  RFC-1951
                 PGP.  "bzip2"  ,        ,    . "uncompressed"  "none" .     ,
                 .      ,   ZIP  .

                 ZLIB   ,    ZIP, ..      8. BZIP2 ,     ,     . , ,  PGP (  )
                 ZIP.  ZIP  "none"     PGP.

       --cert-digest-algo name
                   -  name   .   --version    -.  , ..      GnuPG,    OpenPGP,
                 ,    .

       --s2k-cipher-algo name
                        name.     CAST5.   , ,    ,  --personal-cipher-prefer-
                 ences  --cipher-algo.

       --s2k-digest-algo name
                  -  name ().    SHA-1.

       --s2k-mode n
                       ().   n   0,      (  ),   1,    ""  ( )   3 ( ),      .
                 --rfc1991,        .

       --simple-sk-checksum
                  SHA-1.  OpenPGP,  GnuPG  .      , .   .  ,    ,      -     (
                 ).

       --disable-cipher-algo name
                      name.  ,      .

       --disable-pubkey-algo name
                        name.    , .

       --no-sig-cache
                       .        .  ,   ,  .      ,   - ,       .

       --no-sig-create-check
                 GnuPG,   ,       ,    .    ( 115%  DSA ).     . ,    ,      .

       --auto-check-trustdb

       --no-auto-check-trustdb
                  GnuPG , ,       --check-trustdb.        .   --no-auto-check-
                 trustdb   .

       --throw-keyids

       --no-throw-keyids
                       .  .     , GnuPG  . --no-throw-keyids .

       --not-dash-escaped
                  ,      .     , ..      .          .       ,  GnuPG   .

       --escape-from-lines

       --no-escape-from-lines
                       "From  "  "<From  ", . ,     PGP  .     .  --no-escape-
                 from-lines    .

       --passphrase-fd n
                        n.   0  n,       .   .  .

       --command-fd n
                          IPC.     ,          ,        .      --status-fd.   .
                 doc/DETAILS    .

       --use-agent

       --no-use-agent
                    GnuPG-Agent.  ,     .    ,  GnuPG     ,     ,  . --no-use-
                 agent   .

       --gpg-agent-info
                  GPG_AGENT_INFO.       --use-agent.

                     GnuPG   .         . ,       .      OPENPGP    .

                 --gnupg      GnuPG.  ,  OpenPGP  (.  --openpgp),         PGP.
                           ,   ,   ,  ,     gpg.conf.

                 --openpgp     ,    -     OpenPGP.     ,   --rfc1991, --force-
                           v3-sigs,  --s2k-*,   --cipher-algo,   --digest-algo
                           --compress-algo     OpenPGP.    PGP  .

                 --rfc2440    ,   -   RFC-2440.       --openpgp.

                 --rfc1991     RFC1991 (PGP 2.x).

                 --pgp2             PGP  2.x.     PGP  2.x  (.,    RSA ),  . ,
                           `PGP 2.x'   'MIT PGP 2.6.2'.

                            `--rfc1991 --disable-mdc --no-force-v4-certs --no-
                           sk-comment    --escape-from-lines   --force-v3-sigs
                           --no-ask-sig-expire --no-ask-cert-expire  --cipher-
                           algo IDEA --digest-algo MD5 --compress-algo 1'.   ,
                           ,  --textmode  .

                 --pgp6            PGP 6.       IDEA, 3DES  CAST5, - MD5, SHA1
                           RIPEMD160    ZIP   .   , , --throw-keyids  , .. PGP
                           6    .

                            `--disable-mdc --no-sk-comment --escape-from-lines
                           --force-v3-sigs --no-ask-sig-expire'.

                 --pgp7             PGP  7.    --pgp6,    ,    MDC     AES128,
                           AES192, AES256,  TWOFISH.

                 --pgp8            PGP 8.  PGP 8      OpenPGP,  PGP,         -
                           --throw-keyids   --escape-from-lines.  ,  - SHA-384
                           SHA-512.

       --force-v3-sigs

       --no-force-v3-sigs
                  OpenPGP ,     v4,  PGP  5, 6  7      .    GnuPG      v3.   ,
                 --ask-sig-expire, .. v3    . --no-force-v3-sigs .

       --force-v4-certs

       --no-force-v4-certs
                    v4    ,     v3  .   ,  ,     - v3 RSA   MD5  SHA-1.  --no-
                 force-v4-certs    .

       --force-mdc
                  GnuPG      .        ( 64 )       MDC.

       --disable-mdc
                     . ,     .

       --allow-non-selfsigned-uid

       --no-allow-non-selfsigned-uid
                   .    , ..      .  --no-allow-non-selfsigned-uid    .

       --allow-freeform-uid
                        .         , ..       - .

       --ignore-time-conflict
                 GnuPG, ,     ,     . ,   -   .      . .  --ignore-valid-from,
                 .

       --ignore-valid-from
                 GnuPG,  ,  .      .  . .  --ignore-time-conflict    .

       --ignore-crc-error
                 ASCII ,  OpenPG    CRC     . ,    ,    (  OpenPGP)  .     .

       --ignore-mdc-error
                    ,     MDC   .   ,   . , , MDC     .

       --lock-once
                   .

       --lock-multiple
                         .    --lock-once   .

       --lock-never
                   .      ,    ,       .  .     .

       --no-random-seed-file
                 GnuPG  .     ;      .  .

       --no-verbose
                      0.

       --no-greeting
                      .

       --no-secmem-warning
                       .

       --no-permission-warning
                    (--homedir).  ,      ,  GnuPG,  - ,      .   ,      .

                 , ,          , ..   gpg.conf      .          .

       --no-mdc-warning
                   MDC.

       --require-secmem

       --no-require-secmem
                    GnuPG     .     (.. GnuPG , ).

       --no-armor
                 ,      ASCII .

       --no-default-keyring
                           .  ,  GnuPG      ,   --keyring  --secret-keyring, .

       --skip-verify
                   .        .

       --with-colons
                         .  ,       UTF-8   --display-charset.    ,   ..     .
                 doc/DETAILS,   GnuPG.

       --with-key-data
                         (  --with-colons)     .

       --with-fingerprint
                  ,   --fingerprint    .

       --fast-list-mode
                      ;   .        .        .       .

       --fixed-list-mode
                   --with-colon 1970-01-01.

       --list-only
                    .   --dry-run,  .       .     .

       --no-literal
                      .       .

       --set-filesize
                      .       .

       --show-session-key
                   , . .  --override-session-key.

                      .        ,  .   ,      .        .

       --override-session-key string
                       ,   string.     --show-session-key.     ,  ;     .

       --ask-sig-expire

       --no-ask-sig-expire
                       .  ,   .  --no-ask-sig-expire    .

       --ask-cert-expire

       --no-ask-cert-expire
                       .  ,   .  --no-ask-cert-expire    .

       --expert

       --no-expert
                  , ,     ,   , ,  .      .  ,  ,     .      ,   ,    .  --no-
                 expert    .

       --allow-secret-key-import
                  ,   .

       --try-all-secrets
                         ,     ,    .   (   --throw-keyids) .

       --enable-special-filenames
                  -&n,  n --   ,     n.

       --no-expensive-trust-checks
                    .

       --group name=value1 [value2 value3 ...]
                   ,     .         (-r or --recipient),       .        ,   .

                      ,  ,   =, key IDs   ,  . ,     . , ,   - .      ,      ,
                 ,   .

       --ungroup name
                      --group.

       --no-groups
                      --group.

       --preserve-permissions
                   /   .     ,       .

       --personal-cipher-preferences string
                       string,     ,  , "pref"   .  .  ,    ,  --symmetric.

       --personal-digest-preferences string
                     -  string,     ,  , "pref"   .  .  -,    ,      (--clear-
                 sign  --sign).     "H2",   SHA-1.

       --personal-compress-preferences string
                        string,     ,  , "pref"   .  .   ,     ,     ,      (,
                 --symmetric).

       --default-preference-list string
                      string,     ,  , "pref"   .   "updpref"   .

       --list-config [names]
                       GnuPG.       ,  GnuPG. .    doc/DETAILS  GnuPG. --list-
                 config   --with-colons.

        GnuPG;    :

       234567C4

       0F34E556E

       01347A56A

       0xAB123456
                        .

       234AABBCC34567C4

       0F323456784E56EAB

       01AB3FED1347A5612

       0x234AABBCC34567C4
                       ,   OpenPGP ( --with-colons).

       1234343434343434C434343434343434

       123434343434343C3434343434343734349A3434

       0E12343434343434343434EAB3484343434343434

       0xE12343434343434343434EAB3484343434343434
                     --    .   (      ).

       =Heinrich Heine <heinrichh@uni-duesseldorf.de>
                    .  .

       <heinrichh@uni-duesseldorf.de>
                      .   ,      .

       +Heinrich Heine duesseldorf
                       (  )  .      , ,       7- .

       Heine

       *Heine         (  ).     ,        .

       ,       (!)    .  ,   GnuPG,  -     .

         0     , 1   .

       gpg -se -r Bob file
                      Bob

       gpg --clearsign file

       gpg -sb  file

       gpg --list-keys  user_ID

       gpg --fingerprint  user_ID

       gpg --verify  pgpfile

       gpg --verify  sigfile [files]
                    ,     .      ,  sigfile ---   (    ASCII  ),   [files]   ;
                 ,   (".sig"  ".asc") sigfile    .

       HOME        .

       GNUPGHOME ,  "~/.gnupg".

       GPG_AGENT_INFO
                      gpg-agent;       --use-agent.     3  ,  .  --  UNIX,  --
                 gpg-agent,   --  ,     1.   gpg-agent,    ,  .   --gpg-agent-
                 info   .

       http_proxy
                  --honor-http-proxy.

       COLUMNS

       LINES          .

       ~/.gnupg/secring.gpg

       ~/.gnupg/secring.gpg.lock

       ~/.gnupg/pubring.gpg

       ~/.gnupg/pubring.gpg.lock

       ~/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg

       ~/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg.lock

       ~/.gnupg/random_seed

       ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf

       ~/.gnupg/options
                     .     gpg.conf

       /usr[/local]/share/gnupg/options.skel

       /usr[/local]/lib/gnupg/
                 ,

        **       **       .       .   ,         ,      "~/.gnupg/".

       ,         (,  telnet),  **     !

           ,  ,  ;        ,  -    .

    OPENPGP
       GnuPG        OpenPGP.   ,  GnuPG      ,    - SHA-512    ZLIB  BZIP2.  ,
       OpenPGP    , --cipher-algo, --digest-algo,  --cert-digest-algo   --com-
       press-algo GnuPG    ,   ,   OpenPGP,     ,    OpenPGP.

             OpenPGP,       .   ,    ,  PGP     BLOWFISH.   PGP       .  GnuPG
       OpenPGP,        ,   ,   , OpenPGP  .      ,  ,  .

              ,    ,        -   ,      --pgp6,  --pgp7   --pgp8.    ,  ..    -
       OpenPGP,       .

        SUID.      .       (      )  .      ,   , .    ,    .

          :   <zwon@severodvinsk.ru>.

                                                                        gpg(1)

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