XmScrolledWindow(Xm)

XmScrolledWindow -- the ScrolledWindow widget class

Syntax

#include <Xm/ScrolledW.h>

Description

The ScrolledWindow widget combines one or two ScrollBar widgets and a viewing area to implement a visible window onto some other (usually larger) data display. The visible part of the window can be scrolled through the larger display by the use of ScrollBars.

To use ScrolledWindow, an application first creates a ScrolledWindow widget, any needed ScrollBar widgets, and a widget capable of displaying any desired data as the work area of ScrolledWindow. ScrolledWindow positions the work area widget and displays the ScrollBars if so requested. When the user performs some action on the ScrollBar, the application is notified through the normal ScrollBar callback interface.

ScrolledWindow can be configured to operate automatically so that it performs all scrolling and display actions with no need for application program involvement. It can also be configured to provide a minimal support framework in which the application is responsible for processing all user input and making all visual changes to the displayed data in response to that input.

When ScrolledWindow is performing automatic scrolling it creates a clipping window and automatically creates the scroll bars. Conceptually, this window becomes the viewport through which the user examines the larger underlying data area. The application simply creates the desired data, then makes that data the work area of the ScrolledWindow. When the user moves the slider to change the displayed data, the workspace is moved under the viewing area so that a new portion of the data becomes visible.

Sometimes it is impractical for an application to create a large data space and simply display it through a small clipping window. For example, in a text editor, creating a single data area that consisted of a large file would involve an undesirable amount of overhead. The application needs to use a ScrolledWindow (a small viewport onto some larger data), but needs to be notified when the user scrolled the viewport so it could bring in more data from storage and update the display area. For these cases the ScrolledWindow can be configured so that it provides only visual layout support. No clipping window is created, and the application must maintain the data displayed in the work area, as well as respond to user input on the ScrollBars.

The user can specify resources in a resource file for the automatically created widgets that contain the horizontal and vertical scrollbars of the ScrolledWindow widget. The names of these widgets are ``HorScrollBar'' and ``VertScrollBar'', and remain consistent whether created by XmCreateScrolledList, XmCreateScrolledText or XmCreateScrolledWindow.

Classes

ScrolledWindow inherits behavior and resources from Core, Composite, Constraint, and XmManager classes.

The class pointer is xmScrolledWindowWidgetClass.

The class name is XmScrolledWindow.

New resources

The following table defines a set of widget resources used by the programmer to specify data. The programmer can also set the resource values for the inherited classes to set attributes for this widget. To reference a resource by name or by class in a .Xdefaults file, remove the ``XmN'' or ``XmC'' prefix and use the remaining letters. To specify one of the defined values for a resource in a .Xdefaults file, remove the ``Xm'' prefix and use the remaining letters (in either lowercase or uppercase, but include any underscores between words). The codes in the access column indicate if the given resource can be set at creation time (C), set by using XtSetValues (S), retrieved by using XtGetValues (G), or is not applicable (N/A).

XmScrolledWindow resource set

Name Class Type Default Access

XmNclipWindow XmCClipWindow Widget dynamic G

XmNhorizontalScrollBar XmCHorizontalScrollBar Widget dynamic CSG

XmNscrollBarDisplayPolicy XmCScrollBarDisplayPolicy unsigned char dynamic

CSG

XmNscrollBarPlacement XmCScrollBarPlacement unsigned char XmBOTTOM_RIGHT

CSG

XmNscrolledWindowMarginHeight XmCScrolledWindowMarginHeight Dimension 0 CSG

XmNscrolledWindowMarginWidth XmCScrolledWindowMarginWidth Dimension 0 CSG

XmNscrollingPolicy XmCScrollingPolicy unsigned char XmAPPLICATION_DEFINED

CG

XmNspacing XmCSpacing Dimension 4 CSG

XmNtraverseObscuredCallback XmCCallback XtCallbackList NULL CSG

XmNverticalScrollBar XmCVerticalScrollBar Widget dynamic CSG

XmNvisualPolicy XmCVisualPolicy unsigned char dynamic G

XmNworkWindow XmCWorkWindow Widget NULL CSG

Name	Class	Type	Default	Access
XmNclipWindow	XmCClipWindow	Widget	dynamic	G
XmNhorizontalScrollBar	XmCHorizontalScrollBar	Widget	dynamic	CSG
XmNscrollBarDisplayPolicy	XmCScrollBarDisplayPolicy	unsigned	char	dynamic
CSG
XmNscrollBarPlacement	XmCScrollBarPlacement	unsigned	char	XmBOTTOM_RIGHT
CSG
XmNscrolledWindowMarginHeight	XmCScrolledWindowMarginHeight	Dimension	0	CSG
XmNscrolledWindowMarginWidth	XmCScrolledWindowMarginWidth	Dimension	0	CSG
XmNscrollingPolicy	XmCScrollingPolicy	unsigned	char	XmAPPLICATION_DEFINED
CG
XmNspacing	XmCSpacing	Dimension	4	CSG
XmNtraverseObscuredCallback	XmCCallback	XtCallbackList	NULL	CSG
XmNverticalScrollBar	XmCVerticalScrollBar	Widget	dynamic	CSG
XmNvisualPolicy	XmCVisualPolicy	unsigned char	dynamic	G
XmNworkWindow	XmCWorkWindow	Widget	NULL	CSG

XmNclipWindow

Specifies the widget ID of the clipping area. This is automatically created by ScrolledWindow when the XmNvisualPolicy resource is set to XmCONSTANT and can only be read by the application. Any attempt to set this resource to a new value causes a warning message to be printed by the scrolled window. If the XmNvisualPolicy resource is set to XmVARIABLE, this resource is set to NULL, and no clipping window is created.

XmNhorizontalScrollBar

Specifies the widget ID of the horizontal ScrollBar. This is automatically created by ScrolledWindow when the XmNscrollingPolicy is initialized to XmAUTOMATIC; otherwise, the default is NULL.

XmNscrollBarDisplayPolicy

Controls the automatic placement of the ScrollBars. If it is set to XmAS_NEEDED and if XmNscrollingPolicy is set to XmAUTOMATIC, ScrollBars are displayed only if the workspace exceeds the clip area in one or both dimensions. A resource value of XmSTATIC causes the ScrolledWindow to display the ScrollBars whenever they are managed, regardless of the relationship between the clip window and the work area. This resource must be XmSTATIC when XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAPPLICATION_DEFINED. The default is XmAS_NEEDED when XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, and XmSTATIC otherwise.

XmNscrollBarPlacement

Specifies the positioning of the ScrollBars in relation to the work window. The following are the values:

XmTOP_LEFT -- The horizontal ScrollBar is placed above the work window; the vertical ScrollBar to the left.
XmBOTTOM_LEFT -- The horizontal ScrollBar is placed below the work window; the vertical ScrollBar to the left.
XmTOP_RIGHT -- The horizontal ScrollBar is placed above the work window; the vertical ScrollBar to the right.
XmBOTTOM_RIGHT -- The horizontal ScrollBar is placed below the work window; the vertical ScrollBar to the right.

The default value may depend on the value of the XmNstringDirection resource.

XmNscrolledWindowMarginHeight

Specifies the margin height on the top and bottom of the ScrolledWindow.

XmNscrolledWindowMarginWidth

Specifies the margin width on the right and left sides of the ScrolledWindow.

XmNscrollingPolicy

Performs automatic scrolling of the work area with no application interaction. If the value of this resource is XmAUTOMATIC, ScrolledWindow automatically creates the ScrollBars; attaches callbacks to the ScrollBars; sets the visual policy to XmCONSTANT; and automatically moves the work area through the clip window in response to any user interaction with the ScrollBars. An application can also add its own callbacks to the ScrollBars. This allows the application to be notified of a scroll event without having to perform any layout procedures.

NOTE: Since the ScrolledWindow adds callbacks to the ScrollBars, an application should not perform an XtRemoveAllCallbacks on any of the ScrollBar widgets.

When XmNscrollingPolicy is set to XmAPPLICATION_DEFINED, the application is responsible for all aspects of scrolling. The ScrollBars must be created by the application, and it is responsible for performing any visual changes in the work area in response to user input.

This resource must be set to the desired policy at the time the ScrolledWindow is created. It cannot be changed through XtSetValues.

XmNspacing

Specifies the distance that separates the ScrollBars from the work window.

XmNtraverseObscuredCallback

Specifies a list of callbacks that is called when traversing to a widget or gadget that is obscured due to its position in the work area relative to the location of the ScrolledWindow viewport. This resource is valid only when XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC. If this resource is NULL, an obscured widget cannot be traversed to. The callback reason is XmCR_OBSCURED_TRAVERSAL.

XmNverticalScrollBar

Specifies the widget ID of the vertical ScrollBar. This is automatically created by ScrolledWindow when the XmNscrollingPolicy is initialized to XmAUTOMATIC; otherwise, the default is NULL.

XmNvisualPolicy

Grows the ScrolledWindow to match the size of the work area, or it can be used as a static viewport onto a larger data space. If the visual policy is XmVARIABLE, the ScrolledWindow forces the ScrollBar display policy to XmSTATIC and allow the work area to grow or shrink at any time and adjusts its layout to accommodate the new size. When the policy is XmCONSTANT, the work area grows or shrinks as requested, but a clipping window forces the size of the visible portion to remain constant. The only time the viewing area can grow is in response to a resize from the ScrolledWindow's parent. The default is XmCONSTANT when XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, and XmVARIABLE otherwise.

NOTE: This resource must be set to the desired policy at the time the ScrolledWindow is created. It cannot be changed through XtSetValues.

XmNworkWindow

Specifies the widget ID of the viewing area.

Inherited resources

ScrolledWindow inherits behavior and resources from the following superclasses. For a complete description of each resource, refer to the man page for that superclass.

XmManager resource set

Name Class Type Default Access

XmNbottomShadowColor XmCBottomShadowColor Pixel dynamic CSG

XmNbottomShadowPixmap XmCBottomShadowPixmap Pixmap XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP CSG

XmNforeground XmCForeground Pixel dynamic CSG

XmNhelpCallback XmCCallback XtCallbackList NULL C

XmNhighlightColor XmCHighlightColor Pixel dynamic CSG

XmNhighlightPixmap XmCHighlightPixmap Pixmap dynamic CSG

XmNinitialFocus XmCInitialFocus Widget NULL CSG

XmNnavigationType XmCNavigationType XmNavigationType XmTAB_GROUP CSG

XmNshadowThickness XmCShadowThickness Dimension dynamic CSG

XmNstringDirection XmCStringDirection XmStringDirection dynamic CG

XmNtopShadowColor XmCTopShadowColor Pixel dynamic CSG

XmNtopShadowPixmap XmCTopShadowPixmap Pixmap dynamic CSG

XmNtraversalOn XmCTraversalOn Boolean True CSG

XmNunitType XmCUnitType unsigned char dynamic CSG

XmNuserData XmCUserData XtPointer NULL CSG

Name	Class	Type	Default	Access
XmNbottomShadowColor	XmCBottomShadowColor	Pixel	dynamic	CSG
XmNbottomShadowPixmap	XmCBottomShadowPixmap	Pixmap	XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP	CSG
XmNforeground	XmCForeground	Pixel	dynamic	CSG
XmNhelpCallback	XmCCallback	XtCallbackList	NULL	C
XmNhighlightColor	XmCHighlightColor	Pixel	dynamic	CSG
XmNhighlightPixmap	XmCHighlightPixmap	Pixmap	dynamic	CSG
XmNinitialFocus	XmCInitialFocus	Widget	NULL	CSG
XmNnavigationType	XmCNavigationType	XmNavigationType	XmTAB_GROUP	CSG
XmNshadowThickness	XmCShadowThickness	Dimension	dynamic	CSG
XmNstringDirection	XmCStringDirection	XmStringDirection	dynamic	CG
XmNtopShadowColor	XmCTopShadowColor	Pixel	dynamic	CSG
XmNtopShadowPixmap	XmCTopShadowPixmap	Pixmap	dynamic	CSG
XmNtraversalOn	XmCTraversalOn	Boolean	True	CSG
XmNunitType	XmCUnitType	unsigned char	dynamic	CSG
XmNuserData	XmCUserData	XtPointer	NULL	CSG

Composite resource set

Name Class Type Default Access

XmNchildren XmCReadOnly WidgetList NULL G

XmNinsertPosition XmCInsertPosition XtOrderProc NULL CSG

XmNnumChildren XmCReadOnly Cardinal 0 G

Name	Class	Type	Default	Access
XmNchildren	XmCReadOnly	WidgetList	NULL	G
XmNinsertPosition	XmCInsertPosition	XtOrderProc	NULL	CSG
XmNnumChildren	XmCReadOnly	Cardinal	0	G

Core resource set

Name Class Type Default Access

XmNaccelerators XmCAccelerators XtAccelerators dynamic CSG

XmNancestorSensitive XmCSensitive Boolean dynamic G

XmNbackground XmCBackground Pixel dynamic CSG

XmNbackgroundPixmap XmCPixmap Pixmap XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP CSG

XmNborderColor XmCBorderColor Pixel XtDefaultForeground CSG

XmNborderPixmap XmCPixmap Pixmap XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP CSG

XmNborderWidth XmCBorderWidth Dimension 0 CSG

XmNcolormap XmCColormap Colormap dynamic CG

XmNdepth XmCDepth int dynamic CG

XmNdestroyCallback XmCCallback XtCallbackList NULL C

XmNheight XmCHeight Dimension dynamic CSG

XmNinitialResourcesPersistent XmCInitialResourcesPersistent Boolean True C

XmNmappedWhenManaged XmCMappedWhenManaged Boolean True CSG

XmNscreen XmCScreen Screen dynamic CG

XmNsensitive XmCSensitive Boolean True CSG

XmNtranslations XmCTranslations XtTranslations dynamic CSG

XmNwidth XmCWidth Dimension dynamic CSG

XmNx XmCPosition Position 0 CSG

XmNy XmCPosition Position 0 CSG

Name	Class	Type	Default	Access
XmNaccelerators	XmCAccelerators	XtAccelerators	dynamic	CSG
XmNancestorSensitive	XmCSensitive	Boolean	dynamic	G
XmNbackground	XmCBackground	Pixel	dynamic	CSG
XmNbackgroundPixmap	XmCPixmap	Pixmap	XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP	CSG
XmNborderColor	XmCBorderColor	Pixel	XtDefaultForeground	CSG
XmNborderPixmap	XmCPixmap	Pixmap	XmUNSPECIFIED_PIXMAP	CSG
XmNborderWidth	XmCBorderWidth	Dimension	0	CSG
XmNcolormap	XmCColormap	Colormap	dynamic	CG
XmNdepth	XmCDepth	int	dynamic	CG
XmNdestroyCallback	XmCCallback	XtCallbackList	NULL	C
XmNheight	XmCHeight	Dimension	dynamic	CSG
XmNinitialResourcesPersistent	XmCInitialResourcesPersistent	Boolean	True	C
XmNmappedWhenManaged	XmCMappedWhenManaged	Boolean	True	CSG
XmNscreen	XmCScreen	Screen	dynamic	CG
XmNsensitive	XmCSensitive	Boolean	True	CSG
XmNtranslations	XmCTranslations	XtTranslations	dynamic	CSG
XmNwidth	XmCWidth	Dimension	dynamic	CSG
XmNx	XmCPosition	Position	0	CSG
XmNy	XmCPosition	Position	0	CSG

Callback information

The application must use the ScrollBar callbacks to be notified of user input.

ScrolledWindow defines a callback structure for use with XmNtraverseObscuredCallback callbacks. The XmNtraverseObscuredCallback resource provides a mechanism for traversal to obscured widgets (or gadgets) due to their position in the work area of a ScrolledWindow. The XmNtraverseObscuredCallback routine has responsibility for adjusting the position of the work area such that the specified traversal destination widget is positioned within the viewport of the ScrolledWindow. A NULL XmNtraverseObscuredCallback resource causes obscured widgets within the ScrolledWindow to be non-traversable.

Traversal to an obscured widget or gadget requires these conditions to be met: the widget or gadget can be obscured only due to its position in the work area of a ScrolledWindow relative to the viewport; the viewport of the associated ScrolledWindow is fully visible, or can be made so by virtue of ancestral XmNtraverseObscuredCallback routines; and the XmNtraverseObscuredCallback resource must be non-NULL.

When ScrolledWindow widgets are nested, the XmNtraverseObscuredCallback routine for each ScrolledWindow that obscures the traversal destination is called in ascending order within the given hierarchy.

A pointer to the following structure is passed to callbacks for XmNtraverseObscuredCallback.

   typedef struct
   {
           int                     reason;
           XEvent                  *event;
           Widget                  traversal_destination;
           XmTraversalDirection    direction;
   } XmTraverseObscuredCallbackStruct;

reason: Indicates why the callback was invoked.
event: Points to the XEvent that triggered the callback.
traversal_destination: Specifies the widget or gadget to traverse to, which will be a descendant of the work window.
direction: Specifies the direction of traversal. See the description of the direction parameter in the XmProcessTraversal man page for an explanation of the valid values.

Translations

XmScrolledWindow includes the translations from XmManager.

Additional behavior

This widget has the additional behavior described below:

KPageUp:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window up the height of the viewport. The distance scrolled may be reduced to provide some overlap. The actual distance scrolled depends on the XmNpageIncrement resource of the vertical ScrollBar.
KPageDown:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window down the height of the viewport. The distance scrolled may be reduced to provide some overlap. The actual distance scrolled depends on the XmNpageIncrement resource of the vertical ScrollBar.
KPageLeft:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window left the width of the viewport. The distance scrolled may be reduced to provide some overlap. The actual distance scrolled depends on the XmNpageIncrement resource of the horizontal ScrollBar.
KPageRight:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window right the width of the viewport. The distance scrolled may be reduced to provide some overlap. The actual distance scrolled depends on the XmNpageIncrement resource of the horizontal ScrollBar.
KBeginLine:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window horizontally to the edge corresponding to the horizontal ScrollBar's minimum value.
KEndLine:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window horizontally to the edge corresponding to the horizontal ScrollBar's maximum value.
KBeginData:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window vertically to the edge corresponding to the vertical ScrollBar's minimum value.
KEndData:: If XmNscrollingPolicy is XmAUTOMATIC, scrolls the window vertically to the edge corresponding to the vertical ScrollBar's maximum value.

Certain applications will want to replace the page bindings with ones that are specific to the content of the scrolled area.

Geometry management

ScrolledWindow makes extensive use of the XtQueryGeometry functionality to facilitate geometry communication between application levels. In the XmAPPLICATION_DEFINED scrolling policy, the WorkWindow's query procedure is called by the ScrolledWindow whenever the ScrolledWindow is going to change its size. The widget calculates the largest possible workspace area and passes this size to the WorkWindow widget's query procedure. The query procedure can then examine this new size and determine if any changes, such as managing or unmanaging a ScrollBar, are necessary. The query procedure performs whatever actions it needs and then returns to the ScrolledWindow. The ScrolledWindow then examines the ScrollBars to see which (if any) are managed, allocates a portion of the visible space for them, and resizes the WorkWindow to fit in the rest of the space.

When the scrolling policy is XmCONSTANT, the ScrolledWindow can be queried to return the optimal size for a given dimension. The optimal size is defined to be the size that just encloses the WorkWindow. By using this mechanism, an application can size the ScrolledWindow so that it needs to display a ScrollBar only for one dimension. When the ScrolledWindow's query procedure is called via XtQueryGeometry, the request is examined to see if the width or height has been specified. If so, the routine uses the given dimension as the basis for its calculations. It determines the minimum value for the other dimension that just encloses the WorkWindow, fills in the appropriate elements in the reply structure, and returns to the calling program. Occasionally, using the specified width or height and the other minimum dimension results in neither ScrollBar appearing. When this happens, the query procedure sets both the width and height fields, indicating that in this situation the ideal size causes a change in both dimensions. If the calling application sets both the width and height fields, the ScrolledWindow determines the minimum size for both dimensions and return those values in the reply structure.

Virtual bindings

The bindings for virtual keys are vendor specific. For information about bindings for virtual buttons and keys, see VirtualBindings(Xm).